{"id":3424,"date":"2020-07-20T08:28:05","date_gmt":"2020-07-20T05:28:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kureselhukuk.com\/?p=3424"},"modified":"2020-07-20T08:28:07","modified_gmt":"2020-07-20T05:28:07","slug":"covid-19-surecinde-sigorta-sozlesmelerinin-durumu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kureselhukuk.com\/en\/covid-19-surecinde-sigorta-sozlesmelerinin-durumu\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 S\u00dcREC\u0130NDE S\u0130GORTA S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMELER\u0130N\u0130N DURUMU"},"content":{"rendered":"

6098 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nda a\u00e7\u0131k bir m\u00fccbir sebep tan\u0131m\u0131 verilmemi\u015f, durumun hal ve \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilebilece\u011fi hususu d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f; somut olaylara uyarlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7tihatlara ve doktrine b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, doktrinde \u201cSorumlu veya bor\u00e7lunun faaliyet ve i\u015fletmesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda meydana gelen, genel bir davran\u0131\u015f normunun veya borcun ihl\u00e2line mutlak ve ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir \u015fekilde yol a\u00e7an, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesi ve kar\u015f\u0131 konulmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir olay\u201d<\/em> \u015feklindeki tan\u0131ma yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu\u2019nun 2017\/11- 90 E. 2018\/1259 K. Say\u0131l\u0131 ve 27.06.2018 tarihli m\u00fccbir sebep hakk\u0131ndaki karar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u201cM\u00fccbir sebep, sorumlu veya bor\u00e7lunun faaliyet ve i\u015fletmesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda meydana gelen, genel bir davran\u0131\u015f normunun veya borcun ihl\u00e2line mutlak ve ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir \u015fekilde yol a\u00e7an, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesi ve kar\u015f\u0131 konulmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir olayd\u0131r. Deprem, sel, yang\u0131n, SALGIN HASTALIK gibi do\u011fal afetler m\u00fccbir sebep say\u0131l\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131nda m\u00fccbir sebebin unsurlar\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde belirtilmi\u015ftir: \u201c\u00d6ncelikle m\u00fccbir sebep, zorlay\u0131c\u0131 bir olayd\u0131r. Bu olay do\u011fal, sosyal veya hukuki bir olay olabilece\u011fi gibi insana ba\u011fl\u0131 be\u015feri bir olay da olabilir. Bu olay, zarar verenin faaliyet ve i\u015fletmesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan bir olay olmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fccbir sebep sebebiyle zarar veren, bir davran\u0131\u015f normunu veya s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden do\u011fan bir borcu ihlal etmi\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yine m\u00fccbir sebep, davran\u0131\u015f normunun ihlali ya da borca ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n sebebi olmal\u0131 ve ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir \u015fekilde buna yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazl\u0131k kavram\u0131, m\u00fccbir sebep y\u00f6n\u00fcnden kar\u015f\u0131 konulmazl\u0131k ve \u00f6nlenemezlik kavram\u0131n\u0131 da kapsar. M\u00fccbir sebebin bir di\u011fer unsuru ise \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmezliktir. \u2018\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 12.03.2020 tarihli karar\u0131nda, koronavir\u00fcs\u00fc \u201cPandemi\u201d (K\u00fcresel Salg\u0131n) olarak ilan edilmi\u015f ve k\u00fcresel risk seviyesi \u201cy\u00fcksekten\u201d \u201c\u00e7ok y\u00fcksek\u201d seviyesine \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ayr\u0131ca Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nca al\u0131nan kararlarda, halka zorunlu olmad\u0131k\u00e7a soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmamas\u0131 tavsiye edilmi\u015f, e\u011fitime ara verilmi\u015ftir. Yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 durdurulmu\u015f, \u015fehirleraras\u0131 yolculuk yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla beraber yarg\u0131lama faaliyetlerine ili\u015fkin tedbir kararlar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve genelgeler ile halka a\u00e7\u0131k i\u015fyerlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mevcut durum dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ya\u015fan\u0131lan k\u00fcresel salg\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nceden \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemeyecek, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir durum oldu\u011fu ortadad\u0131r. D\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki somut etkilerini de dikkate al\u0131rsak, salg\u0131n hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fccbir sebep olarak kabul edilmesi i\u00e7in ba\u015fkaca g\u00f6sterge gerekmemektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0130GORTA TEM\u0130NATININ TEMEL \u00c7ER\u00c7EVES\u0130<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Teminat\u0131n kapsam\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde uygulanan esaslar sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin genel \u00e7er\u00e7evesini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Hukukumuzda sigorta teminat\u0131n\u0131n genel \u00e7er\u00e7evesini belirlemek i\u00e7in iki se\u00e7enek bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan ilki rizikonun genelli\u011fi esas\u0131, sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde \u201cb\u00fct\u00fcn rizikolar\u201d (all risks) teminat\u0131 \u015feklinde ifade edilmektedir. Bu teminat t\u00fcr\u00fcnde, sigorta himayesi kapsam i\u00e7erisinde kalan rizikolar sigortac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. Sigorta korumas\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131n\u0131 \u201cteminat d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lan haller\u201d belirlemektedir; rizikonun konusuna dahil olmak kayd\u0131yla, bu istisna h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin kapsam\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan her \u015fey sigorta himayesine dahildir. \u0130kinci olarak \u201cbelirli (say\u0131lan) rizikolar\u201d esas\u0131nda ise hangi rizikolar\u0131n sigorta himayesine dahil oldu\u011fu tek tek belirtilmektedir. B\u00f6ylece sigortac\u0131 say\u0131lan hallerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan rizikolardan sorumlu de\u011fildir. Bu riziko esas\u0131nda sigorta korumas\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131, hangi rizikolar\u0131n teminata dahil oldu\u011fu s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine bak\u0131larak belirlenir. Sigortac\u0131n\u0131n, rizikonun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan zarardan veya sigorta bedelinden sorumlulu\u011fu, T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu<\/a>\u2019nun \u201csigorta kapsam\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda 1409. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re, \u201csigortac\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fmede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen rizikonun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinden do\u011fan zarardan veya bedelden sorumludur.\u201d <\/em>Sigortac\u0131, m\u00fclga TTK\u2019ya g\u00f6re, zarara neden olan t\u00fcm rizikolardan sorumlu olacak, mevcut TTK\u2019 da ise ancak s\u00f6zle\u015fmede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ve belirlenen rizikolar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinden do\u011fan zarar veya bedelden sorumlu olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla beraber, sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri ile sa\u011flanan teminatlar\u0131n kapsam\u0131na ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlenen 5684 say\u0131l\u0131 Sigortac\u0131l\u0131k Kanunu\u2019nun 11. maddesi, sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin Hazine M\u00fcste\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nca onaylanan genel \u015fartlara uygun olarak d\u00fczenlenece\u011fini ve a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kapsam d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f t\u00fcm risklerin teminat kapsam\u0131nda say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir. TTK\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesinden sonra, 1409. madde kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda SK 11. maddesinin uygulan\u0131p uygulanmayaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu konuda farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Baz\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler, SK d\u00fczenlemesinin 6102 say\u0131l\u0131 TTK\u2019n\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde de ge\u00e7erli kabul edilece\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrmektedir. Di\u011fer yandan, her iki d\u00fczenlemenin \u00e7eli\u015fti\u011fini ve TTK m. 1409\u2019un uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcren g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler de bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u015eu durumda TTK\u2019n\u0131n daha yeni tarihli bir kanun olmas\u0131 ve sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine ili\u015fkin esas h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin TTK\u2019da bulunmas\u0131 sebebiyle SK h\u00fckm\u00fc uygulanmayacakt\u0131r. Sigortac\u0131l\u0131k Kanunu\u2019nun at\u0131f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 genel \u015fartlar\u0131n her gereksinime cevap vermedi\u011fi, bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun eskidi\u011fi, yetersiz ve hatal\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, taraflar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr iradeleri ile kararla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6zel \u015fartlara ihtiya\u00e7 artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine, genel \u015fartlar\u0131 ihlal etmemek, emredici kurallara ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmamak ve sigorta ettiren lehine olmak \u015fart\u0131yla \u00f6zel \u015fartlar konulabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genel \u015fartlarda yer alan h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin aksinin hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilmesi, genel \u015fartlar\u0131n emredici kanun h\u00fckm\u00fc say\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. B\u00f6yle bir durum s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, taraflarca genel \u015fartlar\u0131n aksinin kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 veya genel \u015fart h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn iptal edilmesine hukuken hi\u00e7bir engel yoktur. B\u00f6yle bir durumda s\u00f6zle\u015fme serbest\u00eesi ilkesi gere\u011fince taraf iradelerine \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck tan\u0131narak \u00f6zel \u015fartlar, genel \u015fartlara g\u00f6re \u00f6ncelikle uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Sigorta poli\u00e7elerinin durumu; Covid-19 vir\u00fcs tedavisinde \u00d6zel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131\u2019ndan faydalan\u0131p faydalan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131, Seyahat Sigortas\u0131\u2019nda \u00f6denen primlerin iadesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, merak konusudur. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin durumu a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131p incelenecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk Hukukunda, sorumluluk sigortalar\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen do\u011frudan dava hakk\u0131, zarar g\u00f6rene sigorta tazminat\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmesini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Zarar g\u00f6rene tan\u0131nan bu hak sayesinde, zarar g\u00f6ren, ger\u00e7ek bor\u00e7lu olan sigortal\u0131y\u0131 atlayarak sigortac\u0131ya ba\u015fvurma imkan\u0131na sahiptir. Sorumluluk sigortalar\u0131nda, i\u015f yerleri dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ekonomik bir \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011flayan i\u015fverenlerin bu konudaki sorumluluklar\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f, i\u015f\u00e7ilere de \u00f6zellikle sosyal g\u00fcvence alan\u0131nda baz\u0131 haklar tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sorumluluk sigortas\u0131 ile sigortal\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya faaliyeti sebebiyle do\u011fabilecek belirli zararlardan sorumlulu\u011fu sigortalan\u0131r. Bununla birlikte sorumluluk sebebini olu\u015fturan olay\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi ile ba\u015flay\u0131p zarar g\u00f6renin tazminat talebinin hakl\u0131 oldu\u011funun kabul edilmesi ile sona eren s\u00fcreci olu\u015fturan olgulardan biri veya birden fazlas\u0131n\u0131n \u201criziko\u201d olarak belirlenmesi gerekir. Rizikonun s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, sigorta himayesinin zaman y\u00f6n\u00fcnden s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n tespiti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Sigortac\u0131n\u0131n garanti y\u00fck\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn kapsam\u0131, hukuki g\u00fcvenli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin, i\u015fverenlerin sorumlulu\u011fu i\u00e7inde kalan i\u015f kazalar\u0131 ve meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na yakalanmalar\u0131 nedeniyle u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 zararlar\u0131n tazmini \u00f6zel i\u015fveren sorumluluk sigortalar\u0131 ile g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nabilmektedir. \u0130\u015fveren, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n bula\u015fmas\u0131 yani rizikonun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi halinde sigortac\u0131ya derhal bildirmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fverenin bildirimi zaman\u0131nda yapmamas\u0131 nedeniyle tazminatta art\u0131\u015f meydana gelmi\u015fse sigortac\u0131 bildirimin ge\u00e7 yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 tazminat\u0131n artan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6demekten imtina edebilir. Sigortal\u0131 i\u015fletme, rizikonun meydana geldi\u011fi veya meydana gelme ihtimalinin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu hallerde, zarar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi, azalt\u0131lmas\u0131, artmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemler almakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ayn\u0131 zamanda sigortal\u0131 i\u015fletme sigortac\u0131n\u0131n bu konudaki talimatlar\u0131na olabildi\u011fince uymak zorundad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 zarar\u0131n artmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015fsa sigortac\u0131 kusurun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re tazminattan indirim yapabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PAKET TUR POL\u0130\u00c7ELER\u0130NE ETK\u0130S\u0130<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcketiciler, Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 sebebi ile yurti\u00e7i ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 gezi programlar\u0131n\u0131 iptal etmektedir. Bu durumda paket turlar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda \u00f6denen sigorta bedellerinin geri verilmesi gerekmektedir. Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 sebebi ile paket turlar\u0131n iptaline dair 6502 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcketicinin Korunmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019 a dayal\u0131 olarak \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan \u201cPaket Tur S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u201d uygulanacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paket Tur S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin Feshi; Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin 16\u2019\u0131nc\u0131 maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131, fesih talebini paket tur d\u00fczenleyicisi veya arac\u0131s\u0131na yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak veya kal\u0131c\u0131 veri saklay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile bildirmek kayd\u0131yla s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi tek tarafl\u0131 olarak feshedebilir. Paket turun ba\u015flamas\u0131na otuz g\u00fcnden daha az bir s\u00fcre kala yap\u0131lan fesih bildirimlerinde, paket tur s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde belirtilmek \u015fart\u0131yla belirli bir tutar veya oranda kesinti yap\u0131labilir. Ama kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n gerekli t\u00fcm \u00f6zeni g\u00f6stermesine ra\u011fmen \u00f6ng\u00f6remedi\u011fi ve engelleyemedi\u011fi bir durum veya m\u00fccbir sebep nedeniyle paket turun ba\u015flamas\u0131na otuz g\u00fcnden daha az bir s\u00fcre kala fesih bildiriminde bulunmas\u0131 halinde, \u00f6denmesi zorunlu vergi, har\u00e7 ve benzeri yasal y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerden do\u011fan masraflar ile \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere \u00f6denip belgelendirilebilen ve iadesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bedeller hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere, herhangi bir kesinti yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6demi\u015f oldu\u011fu bedel kendisine iade edilir. Bu madde kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak bedel iadelerinin, fesih bildiriminin paket tur d\u00fczenleyicisi veya arac\u0131s\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131ndan itibaren on d\u00f6rt g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131ya yap\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunludur. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 12.03.2020 tarihli karar\u0131nda, Korona vir\u00fcs\u00fc \u201cPandemi\u201d (K\u00fcresel Salg\u0131n) olarak ilan edilmi\u015f ve vir\u00fcs\u00fcn k\u00fcresel olarak tehlike olu\u015fturdu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Mevcut durum dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ya\u015fan\u0131lan k\u00fcresel salg\u0131n t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki somut etkileri dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fccbir sebep olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu sebeple Paket Tur S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri m\u00fccbir sebep kapsam\u0131nda feshedilebilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SEYAHAT S\u0130GORTALARINA ETK\u0130S\u0130<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Seyahat sigortas\u0131, hem yurt i\u00e7i, hem yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 seyahatlerinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131labilen hastal\u0131k, kaza, valiz kayb\u0131 gibi riskleri g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan bir sigorta \u00e7e\u015fididir. \u0130lk olarak \u015eubat ay\u0131nda \u00c7in ile yap\u0131lan u\u00e7u\u015flara getirilen yasaklar, Mart ay\u0131 boyunca bir\u00e7o\u011fu 71 \u00fclkeyle yap\u0131lan u\u00e7u\u015flar i\u00e7in de getirilmi\u015ftir. Bunu belirli istisnalara tabi olarak belirli s\u00fcreler i\u00e7erisinde \u015fehirler aras\u0131 toplu ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 izlemi\u015f ve \u015fehir giri\u015f \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 durdurulmu\u015ftur. Buna tabi olarak seyahat sigortalar\u0131 kullan\u0131lamamaktad\u0131r. Sat\u0131n al\u0131nan seyahat poli\u00e7esinin kullan\u0131lmayacak olmas\u0131 durumunda; prim iadesi talep edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

COV\u0130D -19\u2019UN \u00d6ZEL SA\u011eLIK S\u0130GORTASI VE TAMAMLAYICI SA\u011eLIK S\u0130GORTALARINA ETK\u0130S\u0130<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zel sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131, sigortal\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131 hastal\u0131k veya kaza sonucu yaralanma halinde ihtiya\u00e7 duyaca\u011f\u0131 muayene, tedavi ve ila\u00e7 masraflar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan ki\u015filere \u00f6zel ve temelde di\u011fer sigorta hizmetleri ile ayn\u0131 prensipte verilen bir sigorta t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00d6zel sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131n\u0131n bir t\u00fcr\u00fc olan \u201cTamamlay\u0131c\u0131 veya Destekleyici Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131\u201d, genel sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131n\u0131n temel teminat paketi i\u00e7erisinde yer almayan, temel teminat paketinde yer al\u0131p k\u0131smen kar\u015f\u0131lanan, yani cepten \u00f6deme yap\u0131lan ya da bireylerin daha y\u00fcksek standartlarda sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti talep etti\u011fi durumlarda devreye giren \u00f6zel sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00d6zel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigorta Poli\u00e7elerinin, Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lay\u0131p kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunlardan ilki; Baz\u0131 sigorta \u015firketleri \u00f6zel sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131 \u00f6zel \u015fartlar\u0131nda bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131 istisna etmi\u015f olabilir. \u015eu durumda koronavir\u00fcs tedavisi D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019nce bir pandemi ilan edilmesi ile genel bir yayg\u0131nl\u0131k oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00f6zel sigorta kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu durumun tespit edilebilmesi i\u00e7in sigorta poli\u00e7elerinin \u00f6zel olarak incelenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kinci g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re ise, bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n sigorta kapsam\u0131nda olmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in Hazine M\u00fcste\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n koydu\u011fu \u00d6zel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Genel \u015eartlar\u0131nda istisna edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. Genel \u015fartlarda salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klarla ilgili bir istisna olmamas\u0131 sebebiyle sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131 olanlar vir\u00fcs\u00fc kapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sigorta bunu kar\u015f\u0131lamak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 sigorta \u015firketleri halihaz\u0131rda COVID-19 tedavisini tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131 kapsam\u0131na dahil ettiler. Salg\u0131n sonras\u0131nda koronavir\u00fcs tedavisini poli\u00e7eye dahil ettirmek isteyen kurumlar ilave para \u00f6deyerek sigorta kapsam\u0131na dahil ettirdiler. 250 milyon Pound tutar\u0131nda gelir getirmesi beklenirken k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce iptal edilen Wimbledon Tenis Turnuvas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n organizat\u00f6rleri 2003 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki SARS salg\u0131n\u0131ndan sonra pandemi rizikosuna kar\u015f\u0131 ek bir teminat sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131n\u0131 duyurdular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak<\/em><\/strong> koronavir\u00fcs tedavisi, \u00d6zel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisini devlet yani kamu kar\u015f\u0131lamak zorundad\u0131r. Semptom g\u00f6steren hastalar\u0131n koronavir\u00fcs te\u015fhisi konana kadar ki tedavileri \u00f6zel sigorta kapsam\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131rken, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn testi ve tedavisine ili\u015fkin giderler devletin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Av. Eda Ceren Parlak<\/h4>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

6098 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nda a\u00e7\u0131k bir m\u00fccbir sebep tan\u0131m\u0131 verilmemi\u015f, durumun hal ve \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilebilece\u011fi hususu d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f; somut olaylara uyarlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7tihatlara ve doktrine b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, doktrinde \u201cSorumlu veya bor\u00e7lunun faaliyet ve i\u015fletmesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda meydana gelen, genel bir davran\u0131\u015f normunun veya borcun ihl\u00e2line mutlak ve ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir \u015fekilde yol a\u00e7an, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesi ve kar\u015f\u0131 konulmas\u0131<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3425,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nCOVID-19 S\u00dcREC\u0130NDE S\u0130GORTA S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMELER\u0130N\u0130N DURUMU – K\u00fcresel Hukuk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"% %\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kureselhukuk.com\/en\/covid-19-surecinde-sigorta-sozlesmelerinin-durumu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta 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